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4G is the short
term for fourth-generation wireless, the
stage of broadband mobile communications
that will supersede the third generation
(3G). While neither standards bodies nor
carriers have concretely defined or
agreed upon what exactly 4G will be, it
is expected that end-to-end IP and
high-quality streaming video will be
among 4G's distinguishing features.
Fourth generation networks are likely to
use a combination of WiMAX and WiFi.
Technologies
employed by 4G may include SDR
(Software-defined radio) receivers, OFDM
(Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing),
OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiple Access), MIMO
(multiple input/multiple output)
technologies, UMTS and TD-SCDMA. All of
these delivery methods are typified by
high rates of data transmission and
packet-switched transmission protocols.
3G technologies, by contrast, are a mix
of packet and circuit-switched networks.
When fully
implemented, 4G is expected to enable
pervasive computing, in which
simultaneous connections to multiple
high-speed networks provide seamless
handoffs throughout a geographical area.
Network operators may employ
technologies such as cognitive radio and
wireless mesh networks to ensure
connectivity and efficiently distribute
both network traffic and spectrum.
The high speeds
offered by 4G will create new markets
and opportunities for both traditional
and startup telecommunications
companies. 4G networks, when coupled
with cellular phones equipped with
higher quality digital cameras and even
HD capabilities, will
enable vlogs to go mobile, as has
already occurred with text-based moblogs.
New models for collaborative citizen
journalism are likely to emerge as well
in areas with 4G connectivity.
A Japanese
company, NTT DoCoMo, is testing 4G
communication at 100 Mbps for mobile
users and up to 1 Gbps while stationary.
NTT DoCoMo plans on releasing their
first commercial network in 2010. Other
telecommunications companies, however,
are moving into the area even faster.
Sprint Nextel has announced a 4G
broadband mobile network nationwide
using WiMAX.
4G technologies
are sometimes referred to by the acronym
"MAGIC," which stands for Mobile
multimedia, Anytime/any-where, Global
mobility support, Integrated wireless
and Customized personal service.
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